From: cal_hplb_hpl_hp_com@hms.com
Newgroups: alt.magick
Subject: 04:Kabbalah FAQ 

scene where a Jewish  sholar is in the  hospital  dying and his son is
reciting a Jewish prayer.  The words are almost  identical to the LBRP
attributes of the Archangels, except the attributes are reversed.  Sir
Adam  Sinclair,  the hero,  thinks how close it is to that used in his
tradition.  Its on page 40.

"Shema  Yisrael,  Adonail  Elohenu,  Adonai Achad.  Hear O Israel, the
Lord is our God, the Lord is  One...Go  since the Lord sends thee; go,
and the Lord  will be with  thee; the Lord God is with him and he will
ascend."

"May  the  Lord  Bless  thee  and  keep  thee;  May the  Lord  let his
countenance  shine upon thee, and be gracious  unto thee; May the Lord
lift up his countenance upon the, and give the peace."

"At thy right hand is Michael, at thy left is Gabriel,  before thee is
Uriel,  behind  thee is  Raphel,  and  above  thy  head is the  divine
presence  of God.  The angel of the lord  encampeth  around  them that
fear Him, and He delivereth  them.  Be strong and of good  courage; be
not affrighted, neither be thou dismayed, for the Lord thy God is with
thee, withersoever thou goest."

-------------------Robert's contribution ends--------------------------

Q2.4 : What are the Qlippoth?
------------------------------

The word "qlippah" or "klippah" (plural  "qlippoth")  means "shell" or
"husk".

The idea of a covering or a garment or a vessel is common in Kabbalah,
where it used, at various times and with various  degrees of subtlety,
to  express  the  manner  in  which  the  light  of  the  En  Soph  is
"encapsulated".  For  example,  the  sephiroth,  in their  capacity of
recipients  of light, are sometimes  referred to as kelim,  "vessels".
The duality between the container and the contained is one of the most
important in Kabbalistic explanations of the creative moment.

The word  "qlippah"  is an extension  of this  metaphor.  A qlippah is
also a covering or a container, and as each sephira acts as a shell or
covering to the sephira  preceding it in the order of emanation,  in a
technical  sense we can say the  qlippoth  are  innate  to the Tree of
Life.  Cut a slice  through a tree and one can see the  growth  rings,
with  the  bark on the  outside.  The Tree of Life  has 10  concentric
rings, and sometimes  the qlippah is equated to the bark.  The word is
commonly  used to refer to a covering  which  contains no light:  that
is, an empty shell, a dead husk.

It is also the case that the  qlippoth  appear in  Kabbalah as demonic
powers of evil, and in trying to  disentangle  the various uses of the
word it becomes clear that there is an almost  continuous  spectrum of
opinion,  varying from the technical use where the word hardly differs
from the word  "form", to the most  anthropomorphic  sense,  where the
qlippoth are evil demonesses in a demonic  hierarchy  responsible  for
all the evil in the world.

One reason why the word "qlippah" has no simple  meaning is that it is
part of the  Kabbalistic  explanation  of evil, and it is difficult to
explain  evil  in  a  monotheistic,   non-dualistic  religion  without
incurring a certain complexity....

If God is good, why is there evil?

No short essay can do justice to the complexity of this topic.  I will
indicate some of the principle themes.

The  "Zohar"  attributes  the  primary  cause  of  evil  to the act of
separation.  The act of  separation  is refered to as the  "cutting of
the  shoots".  What  was  united  becomes  divided,  and the  boundary
between one thing and another can be regarded as a shell.  The primary
separation was the division between the Tree of Life (Pillar of Mercy)
from the Tree of Knowledge (Pillar of Severity).

In normal  perception the world is clearly  characterised by divisions
between one thing and another, and in this  technical  sense one could
say that we are  immersed in a world of shells.  The shells,  taken by
themselves as an  abstraction  divorced from the original,  unidivided
light   (making   another   separation!)  are  the  dead   residue  of
manifestation,  and can be identified  with dead skin, hair, bark, sea
shells, or shit.  They have been refered to as the dregs  remaining in
a  glass  of  wine,  or as  the  residue  left  after  refining  gold.
According to Scholem,  the Zohar  interprets  evil as "the  residue or
refuse of the hidden life's organic  process"; evil is something which
is dead,  but  comes to life  because  a spark of God  falls on it; by
itself it is simply the dead residue of life.

The skeleton is the  archetypal  shell.  By itself it is a dead thing,
but  infuse  it with a spark of life and it  becomes  a  numinous  and
instantly recognisable  manifestation of metaphysical evil.  The shell
is one of the most common  horror  themes;  take a mask, or a doll, or
any dead  representation  of a living  thing, shine a light out of its
eyes, and becomes a thing of evil  intent.  The powers of evil  appear
in the shape of the animate dead - skulls, bones,  zombies,  vampires,
phantasms.

The following list of correspondences  follows the interpretation that
the qlippoth are empty  shells, form without  force, the covering of a
sephira:

         Kether       Futility
         Chokhmah     Arbitrariness
         Binah        Fatalism
         Chesed       Ideology
         Gevurah      Bureaucracy
         Tipheret     Hollowness
         Netzach      Routine, repetition, habit
         Hod          Rigid order
         Yesod        Zombieism, robotism
         Malkut       Stasis     

A second, common interpretation of the qlippoth is that they represent
the negative or averse  aspect of a sephira, as if each  sephira had a
Mr.  Hyde to  complement  Dr.  Jekyll.  There are many  variations  of
this idea.  One of the most  common is the idea that evil is caused by
an  excess  of the  powers of Din  (judgement)  in the  creation.  The
origin of this  imbalance  may be innate, a residue  of the  moment of
creation,  when each  sephira  went through a period of imbalance  and
instability  (the kingdoms of unbalanced  force), but another  version
attributes  this imbalance to humankind's  propensity  for the Tree of
Knowledge  in   preference   to  the  Tree  of  Life  (a  telling  and
precognitively inspired metaphor if ever there was one...).

The  imbalance  of the  powers  of Din  "leaks"  out of the  Tree  and
provides  the basis for the "sitra  achra",  the "other  side", or the
"left side"  (referring to pillar of  severity), a quasi or even fully
independent kindom of evil.  This may be represented by a full Tree in
its own right, sometimes by a great dragon,  sometimes by seven hells.
The most lurid versions  combine Kabbalah with medieval  demonology to
produce  detailed  lists of demons,  with Samael and Lilith  riding at
their head as king and queen.

A  version  of this  survives  in the  Golden  Dawn  tradition  on the
qlippoth.  The qlippoth are given as 10 evil powers  corresponding  to
the 10  sephiroth.  I refered to G.D  knowledge  lectures  and also to
Crowley's  "777"  (believed to be largely a rip-off of Alan  Bennett's
G.D.  correspondence  tables), and found  several  inconsistencies  in
transliteration  and translation.  Where possible I have reconstructed
the original Hebrew, and I have given a corrected list.


Kether    Thaumiel    Twins of God    (TAVM, tom - a twin)
Chokmah   Ogiel       Hinderers       (? OVG - to draw a circle)
Binah     Satariel    Concealers      (STR, satar- to hide, conceal)
Chesed    Gash'khalah Breakers in Pieces (GASh Ga'ash - shake, quake
                                         KLH, khalah - complete destruction,
                                         annihilation)
Gevurah   Golachab    Flaming Ones    (unclear)
Tipheret  Tagiriron   Litigation      (probably from GVR, goor - quarrel)
Netzach   Orev Zarak  Raven of Dispersion (ARV, orev - raven 
                                          ZRQ, zaraq - scatter)
Hod       Samael      False Accuser    (SMM, samam - poison)
Yesod     Gamaliel    Obscene Ass      (GML, gamal - camel? alt. ripen?)
Malkut    Lilith      Woman of the Night (Leilah - Night)


Most of these  attributions are obvious, others are not.  The Twins of
of God replace a unity with a warring  duality.  The  Hinderers  block
the free  expression  of the God's will.  The  Concealers  prevent the
mother from giving birth to the child - the child is stillborn  in the
womb.  The Breakers in Pieces are the powers of authority  gone bersek
- Zeus letting fly with  thunderbolts  in all directions.  The Flaming
Ones refer to the fiery and destructive  aspect of Gevurah.  Lilith is
the dark side of the Malkah or queen of Malkuth.

Why  Samael  is  placed  in  Hod  is  unclear,   unless  he  has  been
christianised  and turned into the father of lies.  In Kabbalah  he is
almost  always  attributed  to Gevurah,  sometimes  as its  archangel.
Yesod is  associated  with the  genitals  and the sexual  act, but why
Gamaliel  is  unclear  to me.  I could  easily  concoct  fanciful  and
perhaps even believable  explanations for the attributions to Tipheret
and Netzach, but I prefer not to.

In "777" Crowley also gives qlippoth for many of the 22 paths.  If the
transliterations  and  translations  are as accurate  as those for the
sephiroth, I would be tempted to reach for my lexicon.

The G.D.  teachings  on the qlippoth are minimal in the material in my
possession,  but a great deal can be  deduced  from those  fascinating
repositories  of Kabbalistic  myth, the twin pictures of the Garden of
Eden  before and after the Fall.  There are so many  mythic  themes in
these pictures that it is difficult to disentangle them, but they seem
strongly influenced by the ideas of Isaac Luria, and it is now time to
describe the third major interpretation of the qlippoth.

Luria's ideas have probably  received more elaboration than any others
in Kabbalah.  The man left little in a written form, and his disciples
did not concur in the  presentation of what was clearly a very complex
theosophical  system - this is a subject  where no amount of care will
ensure consistency with anyone else.

Luria made the first step in the creation a process called "tzim tzum"
or  contraction.  This  contraction  took  place in the En  Soph,  the
limitless,  unknown, and unknowable God of Kabbalah.  God "contracted"
in a process  of  self-limitation  to make a space (in a  metaphorical
sense,  of  course)  for the  creation.  In the next  step  the  light
entered  this  space  in a jet  to  fill  the  empty  vessels  of  the
sephiroth,  but all but the first three were  shattered  by the light.
This breaking of the vessels is called  "shevirah".  The shards of the
broken vessels fell into the abyss created by contraction,  and formed
the qlippoth.  Most of the light  returned to the En Soph, but some of
it  remained in the vessels  (like a smear of oil in an empty  bottle)
and fell with the qlippoth.

Scholem  describes  the shevirah and the  expulsion of the qlippoth as
cathartic;  not a blunder,  an  architectural  miscalculation  like an
inadequately buttressed Gothic cathedral, but as a catharsis.  Perhaps
the universe,  like a new baby, came attached to a placenta  which had
to be expelled, severed, and thrown out into the night.

One way of looking at the shevirah is this:  the self  contraction  of
tzim tzum was an act of Din, or  Judgement,  and so at the root of the
creative act was the quality which Kabbalists identify with the source
of evil, and it was present in such quantity that a balanced  creation
became  possible only by excreting the imbalance.  The shevirah can be
viewed as a corrective  action in which the unbalanced  powers of Din,
the broken vessels, were ejected into the abyss.

Whether  cathartic  or  a  blunder,  the  shevirah  was  catastrophic.
Nothing was as it should have been in an ideal world.  The four worlds
of Kabbalah slipped, and the lowest world of Assiah descended into the
world  of the  shells.  This can be seen in the  G.D.  picture  of the
Eden after the Fall.  Much of  Lurianic  Kabbalah  is  concerned  with
corrective  actions  designed to bring about the repair or restoration
(tikkun) of the  creation, so that the sparks of light  trapped in the
realm of the shells can be freed.

The final word on the shells  must go to T.S.  Eliot, who had  clearly
bumped  into  them  in  one  of  his  many  succesful   raids  on  the
inarticulate:

         "Shape without form, shade without colour,
          Paralysed force, gesture without motion;"

         "Those who have crossed 
          With direct eyes, to death's other Kingdom
          Remember us - if at all - not as lost,
          Violent souls, but only
          As the hollow men
          The stuffed men."


Q.2.5: Why is Gevurah feminine?
-------------------------------

There is a common belief that certain sephiroth are "masculine" and
other sephiroth are "feminine".  This belief causes many problems in
comprehending the Tree of Life, and is a source of questions.
For example, why is Gevurah, a martial and aggressive sephira,
depicted as feminine, and why is Netzach, the nurturing, caring,
emotional and aesthetic sephira, depicted as "masculine".

No convoluted explanations are required.  The difficulties occur
because of a carelessness in choosing words, and a misunderstanding
about planetary correspondences. In other words, the above depictions
are innaccurate.

Masculine and feminine are acquired behaviours which have changed over
time, and many people are learning their Kabbalah from books written
several decades ago.  These stereotype views of masculine and feminine
were not shared by Jewish authors, who not only did not use these
terms, but placed an entirely different meaning on the terms they did
use.  If you take "feminine" to imply emotional, caring, and passive,
and "masculine" to imply active, aggressive, and intellectual, then
not only do you risk offending a large number of people who find this
insulting, but you will also have great difficulty in reconciling
various correspondences for the sephiroth.

A more appropriate characterisation of the difference between sephira
is that of "giving" and "receiving".  Kether is a sephira that only
gives, and Malkuth is a sephira which only receives, and all other
sephiroth are both giving and receiving, so that Binah receives from
Chokhmah but gives to Chesed.  [Things are not so simple; there is a
tradition that when a current reaches Malkuth, it reflects and travels
back up the Tree again, so that even Malkuth and Kether play a part in
giving and receiving.  When human beings carry out simple acts in
their daily life with full consciousness, then this results in a small
"tikkun" or restoration in the upper worlds - in other words, it is
our own actions which cause the reflection within Malkuth, and by
doing so cause the "spiritualisation of matter"]

Kabbalists have used a sexual metaphor for this giving and receiving;
----
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